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Chinese gleams of Muslim light

Date: August 09, 2003 | 10 Jumada al-Akhir 1424 Hijriah
Subjects: history
One of the mysteries that continues to puzzle historians is why, at the height of its global power and influence in the 1400s, China chose to turn inwards and away from the rest of the world. Nicholas Kristof provides a good overview of this question in 1492: The Prequel.

Kristof gives a great deal of attention to the great fleet of the Chinese admiral, Zheng He. A good profile of Zheng He is Admiral of the Western Seas. One historian argues that Zheng He reached America 72 years before Columbus did.

An interesting fact about Zheng He is that he was a Muslim. This aspect of his story is given prominence in Zheng He: The Chinese Muslim Admiral.

Muslims have been in China since at least the 700s C.E. and there are approximately 20 million Muslims in China today. Historical Sketch of the Hui Muslims of China provides some information.

Many Chinese Muslims are from the Xinjiang province. As its former name of Eastern or Chinese Turkestan indicates, Xinjiang is closely related to the Central Asian republics such as Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Tajikistan. The major ethnic group are the Uighurs.

Xinjiang did not come under effective control of China until 1949, and has been struggling since then for independence. As Human Rights Watch reports:

Much like Tibetans, the Uighurs in Xinjiang, have struggled for cultural survival in the face of a government-supported influx by Chinese migrants, as well as harsh repression of political dissent and any expression, however lawful or peaceful, of their distinct identity. Some have also resorted to violence in a struggle for independence Chinese authorities have not discriminated between peaceful and violent dissent, however, and their fight against "separatism" and "religious extremism" has been used to justify widespread and systematic human rights violations against Uighurs, including many involved in non-violent political, religious, and cultural activities.
Additional reports on China's repression in Xinjiang and of Chinese Muslims are Strangers in Their Own Land and Muslims refuse to be pushed out of Beijing. Added: You can also read about the plight of Uighurs in neighboring Kyrgyzstan.

On a brighter note, you can read about Sufi orders in China. Japanese Muslim author Sachiko Murata has written Chinese Gleams of Sufi Light, a translation of two Chinese Sufi books and an examination of their historical and religious context.
~ Posted by Al-Muhajabah, a member of the reality-based community, at 03:35 PM

Comments

Brian Ulrich said: Total comments: 41   gold stargold stargold stargold star

Subject: Re: Chinese gleams of Muslim light

The Oxford History of Islam has a really good intro to Islam in China, though it favors the modern period.

~ Posted at August 9, 2003 06:27 PM | Comment Permalink
Ken Hagler said: Total comments: 43   gold stargold stargold stargold star

Subject: Re: Chinese gleams of Muslim light

I've been interested in Zheng He since I first heard about the Chinese voyages of exploration a few years ago. The best source of information I've found on him and his voyages is a book called When China Ruled the Seas. It's very thorough, and much more interesting than a typical academic book.

There's a retired British submarine commander who believes that Zheng He actually circumnavigated the Earth, and he's trying to build a replica of one of the big treasure ships to prove it could be done. If he can pull it off, it will be the largest wooden ship build in 600 years.

The drawing comparing a treasure ship to the Santa Maria doesn't really do the Chinese ships justice. They're a lot more impressive when you compare them to a WWII aircraft carrier...



~ Posted at August 9, 2003 08:08 PM | Comment Permalink
moderator Al-Munaqabah said: Total comments: 996   gold stargold stargold stargold stargold star

Subject: Re: Chinese gleams of Muslim light

I think the British submarine guy may be the same amateur historian that I linked to about whether Zheng He discovered America.

This was a fun one to research smile

~ Posted at August 9, 2003 08:18 PM | Comment Permalink

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